The T-maze is a choice task. The subject is placed in the base of the "T". Following a short delay, it is allowed to explore the maze and choose to enter either the right or left arms. The choice is scored according to variety of criterion, including spontaneous alternation, cued reward, or to indicate a preference. Based on the criterion used in an experiment, the T-maze can be used to test learning and memory, preferences for stimuli or reward, or spontaneous alternation behavior.
3. 八臂迷宫(Radial Arm Maze)
Subjects are placed in the center of an eight-arm radial maze. Four randomly chosen arms are baited with food pellets in opaque containers. The subject is given the opportunity to visit all the arms and collect all the available food pellets. After a rentention delay, the subject is returned to the maze. In win-stay conditions, the same four arms are baited, and the number of correct choices the subject makes in collecting the pellets is recorded. In win-shift conditions, the four arms NOT baited in the earlier trial are now baited, and the number of correct arm choices is recorded. Each day, a new set of four arms is chosen randomly.
The subject is placed in the activity chamber for a specified time period. Activity levels and movement in three dimensions are recorded by the activity system and can be analyzed for evidence of hyperactiviy, hypoactivity, anxiety, explorative behaviors, and stereotyped rotation.
The animal is placed in the center of the apparatus and observed for a set time. Measurements compare the include total time spent in the open and closed arms (and central platform) as well as entries into the open and closed arms.
6. 黑白箱实验(light dark box)
The subject is placed in the dark portion of the box for a set period of acclimation time. At the end of this period, a door separating the two compartments is opened. The amount of time that the subject takes to emerge fully from the enclosed area into the open area is measured.
7. 社交行为实验(social interaction)SuperMaze动物行为学视频分析系统
The subject is habituated to the test chamber and allowed to freely explore for a set time. A novel animal is placed in one of the two enclosures, and the percentage of time the mouse spends in the section with the novel animal is compared to the time spent in the section with the empty enclosure. In a later session, the time spent with the same animal might be compared to time spent with a newer, more novel animal.
A drug is injected and the subject is introduced to distinctive environment A. This procedure is repeated for several trials. During these conditioning trials the animal develops an association between the subjective state produced by the drug (often drugs that produce mood elevation or euphoria in humans) and the contextual cues present while the drug is active. To test the conditioning, the animal is placed in an apparatus with drug-related cues in one compartment and neutral cues in the other. nbsp; If conditioning occurred, the animal will move toward the compartment containing the drug-related cues.
In a Conditioned Place Preference experiment, subjects are returned to an apparatus were they can freely move between a compartment in which they were conditioned with drug-related cues, and a compartment with neutral cues. If the conditioning was successful for positive, reinforcing drug states, they should spend more time in the compartment with drug-related cues。
In a Conditioned Place Aversion experiment, subjects are returned to an apparatus were they can freely move between a compartment in which they were conditioned with an aversive stimulus, such as a shock; and a compartment with neutral cues. If the aversive conditioning was successful, they should spend more time in the compartment with neutral cues.